This project proposes a comparative study of Spanish and Belgian modernisms and sheds light on networks of intellectual exchange that shaped early twentieth-century literary culture. By examining a corpus of Spanish and Belgian magazines, the project sets out to explore the role of translators in the transnational circulation of modernist literature. It also focuses on the role of two Brussels-based literary circles, La Lanterne Sourde (1921–1931) and the Amitiés hispano-belgo-américaines (1932–1936), which encouraged the transnational circulation of modernist works. By examining the contribution of these circles to the literary culture of the time, the proposed project challenges the center vs. periphery dichotomy and initiates a shift in our thinking regarding the impact of Spanish and Belgian agents on the international stage.